Здравствуйте, уважаемые студенты!
Задание должны быть выполнены и отправлены посредством комментария не позднее 16:30 15.10.2021г.
1) учебник стр. 62 - слова, перевод
2) учебник стр. 62-63 - текст чтение и перевод всего текста, на проверку каждый выбирает свою часть, 1200 знаков и отправляет перевод этой части
3) составить 15 вопросов по тексту, но ни один ☝🏻 не должен совпадать с теми, которые предлагаются учебником!
4) Grammar - написать предложения полностью
https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/past-simple-or-progressive2.htm
https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/perfect-past-simple3.htm
https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/past-tense-or-past-perfect.htm
Голохвастова
ОтветитьУдалитьAbility – способность
to allow – позволять
raw material – сырье
consequence – последствие
advanced technology – передовая технология
semiconductor – полупроводник
however – однако
to be aimed at – быть направленным на
although – хотя
in order to – для того, чтобы
available – доступный
to fulfill – выполнять
machine – машина
natural – природный
term – термин
modification – изменение
to harm the environment – вредить окр. среде
conductor – проводник
procedure – процедура
to increase – увеличивать
entity – объект, организация
to improve – улучшать
field of knowledge – область знаний
including – включающий
purpose – цель
requirement – требование
to satisfy requirements – соответствовать требованиям
to perform a function – выполнять назначение
phenomenon (phenomena) – феномен
to refer to – называть, упоминать
condition – условие
to employ a technique – применить метод
tool – инструмент
to affect – влиять
human – человек
usage – употребление
significantly – существенно
to restrict – ограничивать
Технология
Технология — это создание, изменение, использование и знание инструментов,
машин, техники, ремесел, систем, методов организации при решении проблемы, улучшения существующего решения проблемы, достижения цели, обработки практического отношения ввода/вывода или выполнения определенной функции. Это также может относиться к набору таких инструментов, механизмов, изменений, размещений и процедур. Технологии существенно влияют на способность человека, также и на другие виды животных способность контролировать и приспосабливаться к своей естественной среде.
Использование человеком технологий началось с превращения природных ресурсов в простые инструменты. Доисторическое открытие способности контролировать огонь увеличило доступные источники пищи, а изобретение колеса помогло людям путешествовать и контролировать окружающую среду. Последние технологические достижения, в том числе печатный станок, телефон, и интернет, уменьшили физические барьеры для общения и позволили людям свободно взаимодействовать в глобальном масштабе. Однако не все технологии использовались в мирных целях; разработка оружия возрастающей разрушительной силы развивалась на протяжении всей истории, от дубинок до ядерного оружия.
1. Technology is the creation, modification, use and knowledge of tools,
machines, methods, crafts, systems, methods of organization to
solve a problem, isn't it?
2. Who is affected by technology?
3. The ability to
control fire increased the available sources of food and the invention of the
wheel helped humans in travelling in and controlling their environment, isn’t it?
4. What technologies were used for non-peaceful purposes?
5. Only people develop technology?
6. Is the term "technology" related to technical education?
7. What is the reason for the popularity of the word "technology" in the 20th century?
8. Technik and Technologie that is absent in English, as both terms are usually
translated as “technology”, right?
9. Today, technology can be most broadly defined as the entities, both material and immaterial, created by the application of mental and physical effort in
order to achieve some value, right?
10. Is the difference between science, technology and technology always clear?
11. What is science?
12. What areas of knowledge can technology development rely on?
13. Can the new-found knowledge then be used
by engineers to create new tools and machines?
14. Is the exact relationship between science and technology being discussed?
15. Can engineers and scientists be considered technologists?
Неплохо, в построении вопросов есть неточности.
УдалитьГоголадзе Вероника Геннадьевна О-12
ОтветитьУдалить1)ability -способность
consequence-следствие
however-однако
in order to -для того чтобы
machine-машина
modification -модификация
procedure-процедура
to improve-улучшать
field of knowledge -область знаний
to perform a function-выполнять функцию
to refer to-передавать на рассмотрение, иметь отношение
tool-инструмент
usage- употребление
to allow-позволять
advanced technology-передовая технология
to be aimed at- быть направленным на
available- доступный
natural- природный, естественный
to harm the environment -вредить окружающей среде
to increase-увеличение, рост
including- включая, в том числе
purpose-цель, назначение
to improve- улучшать
condition- состояние, условие
to affect- влиять
significantly- существленно
raw material -сырьё
semiconductor - полупроводник
although- хотя
to fulfill- выполнять
term- срок, термин
conductor- проводник, провод
entity- сущность, организация
requirement- требование
to satisfy requirements - удовлетворять техническим условиям или требованиям
phenomenon (phenomena)- явление, феномен
to employ a technique- использовать технику
human- человек
to restrict- ограничивать
2)Технология - это создание, модификация, использование и знание инструментов, машин, методов, ремесел, систем, методов организации для решения проблемы, улучшения ранее существовавшего решения проблемы, достижения цели, обработки прикладных входных данных / выходное отношение или выполнять определенную функцию. Это также может относиться к набору таких инструментов, оборудования, модификаций, устройств и процедур. Технологии существенно влияют на способность человека и других видов животных управлять своей естественной средой и адаптироваться к ней.
Использование технологий человеческим видом началось с преобразования природных ресурсов в простые инструменты. Доисторическое открытие способности управлять огнем увеличило количество доступных источников пищи, а изобретение колеса помогло людям путешествовать и контролировать окружающую среду. Последние технологические разработки, включая печатный станок, телефон и Интернет, уменьшили физические препятствия для общения и позволили людям свободно взаимодействовать в глобальном масштабе. Однако, не все технологии использовались в мирных целях; Развитие оружия все возрастающей разрушительной силы прогрессировало на протяжении всей истории, от дубинок до ядерного оружия.
3) 1.What the discovery of the ability to control fire led to?
2. Has the development of weapon progressed throughout history?
3. What has the philosophical debate arisen about?
4.Who views continued technological progress as beneficial to society?
5.Can certain dolphin pass their knowledge to other generation?
6.Why did " Technology" become famous in the 20th century ?
7.Can the word "technology" be used to refer to a collection of technique?
8.What includes a collection of technique?
9.What is science ?
10.Technologies are always exclusively products of science, aren't they?
11.What is engineering?
12. The development draw upon many fields of knowledge, doesn't it?
13.Is technology a consequence of science and engineering?
14.Since what century have the relations between science and technology been debated?
15.Do all analysts agree that technology simply is a result of scientific research?
4)тест 1)1. They were having tea when the doorbell rang .
Удалить2. Father was smoking his pipe while mother was reading a magazine.
3. While he was mowing the lawn, it started to rain.
4. He was having breakfast when the toaster blew up.
5. When I came into the office, my boss was waiting for me.
6. When we saw Brian, he was driving a taxi.
7. Father was waiting in the car while mother was doing the shopping.
8. When he arrived , we were having dinner.
9. While they were playing chess, we were going shopping.
10. They were having a party while he was sleeping .
11. He took a photo when I was feeding the ducks.
12. They were playing football when the lights in the stadium went out.
13. While George and John were cleaning their room, she was doing the ironing.
14. Sam was doing the ironing when Jack phoned her.
15. We were waiting at Victoria station when the train arrived.
тест 2)1. Sam bought a new cell phone a few months ago.
2. I didn't know that he bought a new cell phone. Yes, he has had it for a few months now.
3. Last year we went to Scotland for our holidays.
4. You look relaxed! Yes, I have just been on vacation.
5. I can't join you now because I have not done my homework yet.
6. I did all my homework yesterday afternoon.
7. I did not sleep very well the last nights.
8. Are you tired? Yes, I have had a hard day.
9. Here is the news. There has been an accident on the M1 near Nottingham
10. I have lost my keys. Did you take them with you this morning?
11. Tom has lived in Sydney all his life.
12. How long did you stay out last night? You look tired.
13. have you ever had an accident? No, never.
14. My sister is going to Italy in the summer. That's why she has started to study Italian.
15. I did not have a cold last year.
тест3) 1. He had worked in a supermarket before he worked as a postman.
2. She fed the dog as soon as she had done her homework.
3. My sister had lived in England before she moved to Belgium.
4. After he had eaten all the sandwiches, he drank some orange juice.
5. We were tired because we had worked all day.
6. As I had missed the bus, I walked home again.
7. After they had installed the file, they could go on working.
8. He had just started to watch TV when the mobile phone rang .
9. Before she went to bed, she had listened to her favourite CD.
10. After he had lost all his money, he was poor as a church mouse.
11. She had had a cup of coffee before she wrote the letter.
12. My sister had eaten all the jam before our parents came home.
13. Tom was very angry because Ann had shouted at him.
14. She went home again as soon as she had done her shopping.
15. They went to a sightseeing tour after the bus had arrived .
четвертое задание нужно высылать отдельно? Оно просто не вместилось
ОтветитьУдалитьВероника, следующим комментарием! То есть разбить на части!
УдалитьAbility – способность
ОтветитьУдалитьto allow – позволять
raw material – сырье
consequence – последствие
advanced technology – передовая технология
semiconductor – полупроводник
however – однако
to be aimed at – быть направленным на
although – хотя
in order to – для того, чтобы
available – доступный
to fulfill – выполнять
machine – машина
natural – природный
term – термин
modification – изменение
to harm the environment – вредить окр. среде
conductor – проводник
procedure – процедура
to increase – увеличивать
entity – объект, организация
to improve – улучшать
field of knowledge – область знаний
including – включающий
purpose – цель
requirement – требование
to satisfy requirements – соответствовать требованиям
to perform a function – выполнять назначение
phenomenon (phenomena) – феномен
to refer to – называть, упоминать
condition – условие
to employ a technique – применить метод
tool – инструмент
to affect – влиять
human – человек
usage – употребление
significantly – существенно
to restrict – ограничивать
Перевод фрагмента из текста:
Философские дебаты возникли по поводу нынешнего и будущего использования технологий в обществе, с разногласиями по поводу того, улучшает ли технология состояние человека или ухудшает его. Неолуддизм, анархо-примитивизм и подобные движения критикуют повсеместное распространение технологий в современном мире, 63 полагая, что это наносит вред окружающей среде и отчуждает людей; сторонники таких идеологий, как трансгуманизм и техно-прогрессизм, считают, что продолжение технический прогресс как благотворный для общества и условий жизни человека. Действительно, до недавнего времени считалось, что развитие технологий было ограничено только людьми, но недавние научные исследования показывают, что другие приматы и некоторые сообщества дельфинов разработали простые инструменты и научились передавать свои знания другим поколениям. Использование терминальной технологии значительно изменилось за последние 200 лет. До 20-го века этот термин был необычен в английском языке и обычно относился к описанию или изучению полезных искусств. Этот термин часто употреблялся связан с техническим образованием.
Вопросы:
1. what is technology?
2. what does technology affect?
3. for what purposes were the technologies used?
4. is technology development just for people now?
5. when did the "Technology" become famous?
6. has the meaning of technology changed?
7. what is science?
8. why are technologies not products of science?
9. what is engineering?
10. what does technology development draw upon?
11. technologies are a consequence of what?
12. what knowledge do engineers use?
13. which question remains controversial?
14. Is the exact relationship between science and technology being discussed?
15. why meanings of technology changed in the early 20th century?
А кто это? Unknown в списках не значится :)!
УдалитьСорокина Надежда Э-11
УдалитьНадежда, нужно подписаться, дабы шло всё в соотвествии со списком!
Удалить1.Ability-способность
ОтветитьУдалить2. Consequence-следствие
3. However-однако
4. In order to- для того
5. machine- машина
6. Modification- модификация
7. Procedure- процедура
8. To improve-улучшать
9. Field of knoledge-область знаний
10. To perform a function- выполнять свою служебную функцию
11. Refer to- передавать на рассмотрение
12. Tool инструмент
13. Usage- употребляемый
14. Allow- позволять
15. Advanced technology- передовая технология
16. To be aimed at- быть направленным на
17. Available- доступный
18. Natural- природный
19. Harm the environment- вредить окружающей природе
20. Including-включая
21. Purpose- цель
22. Condition- состояние
23. To affect- влияние
24. Significantly- существо
25. Raw material-сырье
26. Semiconductor- полупроводник
27. Although- хотя
28. To fulfill- выполнять
29. Term- срок
30. Conductor- проводник
31. Entity- сущность
32. Requirement- требование
33. Satisfy requirements- удовлетворять техническим условиям
34. Phenomenon- феномен
35. To employ a technique- использовать технику
36. Human- человек
37. To restrict- ограничивать
Перевод текста стр 62-63
Сегодня технология может быть наиболее широко определена как сущности, как материальные, так и нематериальные, созданные приложением умственных и физических усилий для достижения определенной ценности. В этом контексте технология относится к инструментам и машинам, которые могут использоваться для решения реальных проблем.
Слово «технология» также может использоваться для обозначения набора техник. В этом контексте это нынешнее состояние знаний человечества о том, как объединить ресурсы для производства желаемых продуктов, для решения проблем, удовлетворения потребностей или удовлетворения потребностей; он включает технические методы, навыки, процессы, методы, инструменты и сырье.
Вопросы к тексту
How does the technology work?
2.What is the origin of the use of technology?
3.what did people discover in prehistoric times?
4. What were the consequences after opening the wheel?
5. What inventions of technology are considered negative?
6.what happened after the invention of different types of weapons?
7. What are the names of movements that criticize the spread of negative technologies?
8. How can technology be defined now?
9.what is science?
10. What requirements should the technology meet?
11. Is it always clear the difference between science, engineering, technology?
12.what is engineering?
13. Is it true that technology, as a human activity, precedes two areas?
14. Who uses the new knowledge discovered by technologists?
15 which model analysts disagree with?
из группы Э-11
УдалитьТест1
ОтветитьУдалить1. They were having tea when the doorbell rang
2. Father was smoking his pipe while mother reading a magazine
3. While he was mowing the lawn, it started to rain
4. He was having breakfast when the toaster blew up
5. When I came into the office, my boss was waiting for me
6. When we saw Brian, he was driving a taxi
7. Father was waiting in the car while mother was doing the shopping
8. When he arrived we were having dinner
9. While they were playing chess, we were going shopping
10. They were having a party while he was sleeping
11. He took a photo when I was feeding the ducks
12. They were playing football when the lights in the stadium went out
13. While George and John were cleaning their room, she was doing
14. Sam was doing the ironing when Jack phoned her
15. We were waiting at Victoria station when the train arrived
2. Тест
1. Sam bought a new cell phone a few moths ago
2. I didn’t know that he bought a new cell phone. Yes, he has done it for a few months now.
3. Last year we went to Scotland for our holidays
4. You look relaxed! Yes I have just been on vacation
5. I can’t join you now because I have not done my homework yet
6. I did all my homework yesterday afternoon
7. 7. I Did not sleep very well the last nights. (not sleep)
8. 8. Are you tired? Yes, I Have had a hard day. (have)
9. 9. Here is the news. There Has been an accident on the M1 near Nottingham. (be)
10. 10. I Have lost my keys. Did you take them with you this morning?
11. 11. Tom Has lived in Sydney all his life. (live)
12. 12. How long did you stay out last night? You look tired. (you stay)
13. 13. Have you ever had an accident? No, never. (you ever have)
14. 14. My sister is going to Italy in the summer. That's why she Has started to study Italian. (start)
15. 15. I Did not have a cold last year. (not have)
3 Тест
1. He had worked in a supermarket before worked as a postman
2. She fed the dog as soon as she had done her homework
3. My sister had living in England before she moved to Belgium
4. After he had eaten all the drank some orange juice
5. We Were tired because we had worked all day
6. As l Missed the buss l walked home again
7. After they Had installed the file could go on working
8. He had just started to watch tv when the mobile phone rang
9. Before she went to bed she had listened to her favourite CD
10. After he had lost all his money he was poor as a church mouse
11. She had had a cup of coffee before she wrote the letter
12. My sister had eaten all the jam before our parents came home
13. Tom was very angry because Ann had shouted at him
14. She went home again as soon as she had done her shopping
15. They Went to a sightseeing tour after the bus had arrived
Юля, неплохо!
Удалитьиз группы Э-11
УдалитьМолодец 👍🏻, именно необходимо указать группу!
Удалить4)1. They were having tea when the doorbell rang .
ОтветитьУдалить2. Father was smoking his pipe while mother was reading a magazine.
3. While he was mowing the lawn, it started to rain.
4. He was having breakfast when the toaster blew up.
5. When I came into the office, my boss was waiting for me.
6. When we saw Brian, he was driving a taxi.
7. Father was waiting in the car while mother was doing the shopping.
8. When he arrived , we were having dinner.
9. While they were playing chess, we were going shopping.
10. They were having a party while he was sleeping .
11. He took a photo when I was feeding the ducks.
12. They were playing football when the lights in the stadium went out.
13. While George and John were cleaning their room, she was doing the ironing.
14. Sam was doing the ironing when Jack phoned her.
15. We were waiting at Victoria station when the train arrived.
1. Sam bought a new cell phone a few months ago.
2. I didn't know that he bought a new cell phone. Yes, he has had it for a few months now.
3. Last year we went to Scotland for our holidays.
4. You look relaxed! Yes, I have just been on vacation.
5. I can't join you now because I have not done my homework yet.
6. I did all my homework yesterday afternoon.
7. I did not sleep very well the last nights.
8. Are you tired? Yes, I have had a hard day.
9. Here is the news. There has been an accident on the M1 near Nottingham
10. I have lost my keys. Did you take them with you this morning?
11. Tom has lived in Sydney all his life.
12. How long did you stay out last night? You look tired.
13. have you ever had an accident? No, never.
14. My sister is going to Italy in the summer. That's why she has started to study Italian.
15. I did not have a cold last year.
1. He had worked in a supermarket before he worked as a postman.
2. She fed the dog as soon as she had done her homework.
3. My sister had lived in England before she moved to Belgium.
4. After he had eaten all the sandwiches, he drank some orange juice.
5. We were tired because we had worked all day.
6. As I had missed the bus, I walked home again.
7. After they had installed the file, they could go on working.
8. He had just started to watch TV when the mobile phone rang .
9. Before she went to bed, she had listened to her favourite CD.
10. After he had lost all his money, he was poor as a church mouse.
11. She had had a cup of coffee before she wrote the letter.
12. My sister had eaten all the jam before our parents came home.
13. Tom was very angry because Ann had shouted at him.
14. She went home again as soon as she had done her shopping.
15. They went to a sightseeing tour after the bus had arrived .
Ответы на четвертое задание
Ability – способность
ОтветитьУдалитьto allow – позволять
raw material – сырье
consequence – последствие
advanced technology – передовая технология
semiconductor – полупроводник
however – однако
to be aimed at – быть направленным на
although – хотя
in order to – для того, чтобы
available – доступный
to fulfill – выполнять
machine – машина
natural – природный
term – термин
modification – изменение
to harm the environment – вредить окр. среде
conductor – проводник
procedure – процедура
to increase – увеличивать
entity – объект, организация
to improve – улучшать
field of knowledge – область знаний
including – включающий
purpose – цель
requirement – требование
to satisfy requirements – соответствовать требованиям
to perform a function – выполнять назначение
phenomenon (phenomena) – феномен
to refer to – называть, упоминать
condition – условие
to employ a technique – применить метод
tool – инструмент
to affect – влиять
human – человек
usage – употребление
significantly – существенно
to restrict – ограничивать
Технология - это создание, модификация, использование и знание инструментов, машин, методов, ремесел, систем, методов организации для решения проблемы, улучшения ранее существовавшего решения проблемы, достижения цели, обработки прикладных входных данных/ выходное отношение или выполнение определенной функции. Это также может относиться к набору таких инструментов, оборудования, модификаций, устройств и процедур. Технологии существенно влияют на способность человека и других видов животных управлять своей естественной средой и адаптироваться к ней.
Использование технологий человеческим видом началось с преобразования природных ресурсов в простые инструменты. Доисторическое открытие способности управлять огнем увеличило количество доступных источников пищи, а изобретение колеса помогло людям путешествовать и контролировать окружающую среду. Последние технологические разработки, включая печатный станок, телефон и Интернет, уменьшили физические барьеры для общения и позволили людям свободно взаимодействовать в глобальном масштабе. Однако не все технологии использовались в мирных целях; Развитие оружия все возрастающей разрушительной силы прогрессировало на протяжении всей истории, от дубинок до ядерного оружия.
Вопросы к тексту:
What is technology?
How the human species began to use technology?
How technology was used not for peaceful purposes?
What the philosophical debate is about?
What transhumanists and technoprogressivists consider?
How the term technology has changed over the past 200 years
Why technology became famous in the 20th century
How can today be defined
technology?
How else can the word technology be used?
What does the collection of tecniques include?
The distinction between science, engineering and technology is not
always clear?
What areas can the development of technology draw upon?
Which fields are preceded by technology as a human activity?
What has been discussed by scientists, historians, and policymakers since the end of the 20th century?
Is it true that most analysts resist the model that technology simply is a result of scientific research?
Тест 1:
Удалить1. They were having tea when the doorbell rang
2. Father was smoking his pipe while mother was reading a magazine.
3. While he was mowing the lawn, it started to rain.
4. He was having breakfast when the toaster blew up.
5. When I came into the office, my boss was waiting for me.
6. When we saw Brian, he was driving a taxi.
7. Father was waiting in the car while mother was doing the shopping.
8. When he arrived , we were having dinner.
9. While they were playing chess, we were going shopping.
10. They were having a party while he was sleeping.
11. He took a photo when I was feeding the ducks.
12. They were playing football when the lights in the stadium went out.
13. While George and John were cleaning their room, she was doing the ironing.
14. Sam was doing the ironing when Jack phoned her.
15. We were waiting at Victoria station when the train arrived.
Тест 2:
1. Sam bought a new cell phone a few months ago.
2. I didn't know that he bought a new cell phone. Yes, he has had it for a few months now.
3. Last year we went to Scotland for our holidays.
4. You look relaxed! Yes, I have just been on vacation.
5. I can't join you now because I have not done my homework yet.
6. I did all my homework yesterday afternoon.
7. I have not slept very well the last nights.
8. Are you tired? Yes, I have had a hard day.
9. Here is the news. There was an accident on the M1 near Nottingham.
10. I have lost my keys. Did you take them with you this morning?
11. Tom has lived in Sydney all his life.
12. How long dıd you stay out last night? You look tired.
13. have you ever had an accident? No, never.
14. My sister is going to Italy in the summer. That's why she has started to study Italian.
15. I dıd not have a cold last year.
Тест 3:
1. He had worked in a supermarket before he worked as a postman.
2. She fed the dog as soon as she had done her homework.
3. My sister had lived in England before she moved to Belgium.
4. After he had eaten all the sandwiches, he drank some orange juice.
5. We were tired because we had worked all day.
6. As I had missed the bus, I walked home again.
7. After they had installed the file, they could go on working.
8. He had just started to watch TV when the mobile phone rang.
9. Before she went to bed, she had listened to her favourite CD.
10. After he had lost all his money, he was poor as a church mouse.
11. She had had a cup of coffee before she wrote the letter.
12. My sister had eaten all the jam before our parents came home.
13. Tom was very angry because Ann had shouted at him.
14. She went home again as soon as she had done her shopping.
15. They went to a sightseeing tour after the bus had arrived.
Группа э-11
УдалитьМила, хорошо!
УдалитьМанаева Анна О-12 слова+перевод+вопросы
ОтветитьУдалить1.ability-способность
consequence-последствие
however-однако
in order to-для того, чтобы
machine-машина
modification-изменение
procedure-процедура
to improve-улучшать
field of knowledge-область знаний
to perform a function-выполнять назначения
to refer to-упоминать
tool-инструмент
usage-употребление
to allow-позволять
advanced technology-передовая технология
to be aimed at-быть направленным на
available-доступный
natural-природный
to harm the environment-вредить окружающей среде
to increase-увеличивать
including-включающий
purpose-цель
to improve-улучшать
condition-условие
to affect-влиять
significantly-существенно
raw material-сырье
semiconductor-полупроводник
although-хотя
to fulfill-выполнять
term-термин
conductor-проводник
entity-объект
requirement-требование
to satisfy requirements-соответствовать требованиям
phenomenon (phenomena)-явление, феномен
to employ a technique-применять метод
human-человек
to restrict-ограничивать
2.от The distinction between science до This new-found knowledge (1408)
Разница между наукой, инженерией и технологией не всегда очевидна. Наука это логическое исследование или изучение явлений, нацеленное на открытие стойких принципов феноменального мира с использованием формальных технологий, таких как научный метод. Технологии обычно не являются лишь продуктом науки, потому что они должны соответствовать таким требованиям, как полезность, удобность использования и безопасность. Инженерия-это целенаправленный процесс проектирования и создания инструментов и систем использования природных явлений в практических человеческих целях, часто (но не всегда) с использованием результатов и техник науки. Развитие технологий может опираться на многие области знаний, включая научные, инженерные, математический, лингвистические и исторические знания, достигая некий практический результат. Технологии часто являются следствием науки и инженерии – хотя технология, как деятельность человека, является предпосылкой двух областей. Например, наука может изучать поток электронов в электронных проводниках, используя уже известные инструменты и знания. Эти новые знания могут быть использованы инженерами для создания новых инструментов и машин, таких как полупроводники, компьютеры и другие формы продвинутых технологий. В этом смысле, ученые и инженеры могут считаться технологами; эти три области часто считаются одной целью исследования и справки.
3.
1. what collections can the technology refer?
2. does technology significantly affect only a human?
3. what have changed with invention of recent technological developments, including the printing press, the telephone, and the Internet?
4. what technologies has not been used for peaceful purposes?
5. which ideologies view continued technological progress as beneficial to society?
6. what animals are capable development, develop simple tools and learn to pass their knowledge to other generations?
7. what term was not used in English until the 20th century and usually referred to the description or study of the useful arts?
8. why did the “Technology” rose to prominence in the 20th century ?
9. has Thorstein Veblen translated ideas from the german concept of Technik into "technology"?
10. what else can the word «technology» be used for?
11. In what context does technology refers to tools and machines that may be used to solve real-world problems?
12. is technology exclusively products of science?
13. Is engineering a purposeful process of designing and making tools?
14. what fields of knowledge may draw upon development of technology rely on?
15. relations between science and technology in particular have been debated by scientists since the late 20th century, don’t they?
Анна, неплохо!
УдалитьМанаева Анна О-12 времена
ОтветитьУдалитьPresent Perfect or Past Simple - Exercise 3
1. Sam bought a new cell phone a few months ago. (buy)
2. I didn't know that he bought a new cell phone. Yes, he has had it for a few months now. (have)
3. Last year we went to Scotland for our holidays. (go)
4. You look relaxed! Yes, I have just been on vacation. (just been)
5. I can't join you now because I have not done my homework yet. (not do)
6. I did all my homework yesterday afternoon. (do)
7. I did not sleep very well the last nights. (not sleep)
8. Are you tired? Yes, I have had a hard day. (have)
9. Here is the news. There has been an accident on the M1 near Nottingham. (be)
10. I have lost my keys. Did you take them with you this morning? (lose)
11. Tom has lived in Sydney all his life. (live)
12. How long did you stay out last night? You look tired. (you stay)
13. Have you ever had an accident? No, never. (you ever have)
14. My sister is going to Italy in the summer. That's why she has started to study Italian. (start)
15. I did not have a cold last year. (not have)
Past Tense or Past Perfect - Exercise 5
1. He had worked (work) in a supermarket before he worked (work) as a postman.
2. She fed (feed) the dog as soon as she had done (do) her homework.
3. My sister had lived (live) in England before she moved (move) to Belgium.
4. After he had eaten (eat) all the sandwiches, he drank (drink) some orange juice.
5. We were (be) tired because we had worked (work) all day.
6. As I had missed (miss) the bus, I walked (walk) home again.
7. After they had installed (install) the file, they could (can) go on working.
8. He had just started (just start) to watch TV when the mobile phone rang (ring).
9. Before she went (go) to bed, she had listened (listen) to her favourite CD.
10. After he had lost (lose) all his money, he was (be) poor as a church mouse.
11. She had had (have) a cup of coffee before she wrote (write) the letter.
12. My sister had eaten (eat) all the jam before our parents came (come) home.
13. Tom was (be) very angry because Ann had shouted (shout) at him.
14. She went (go) home again as soon as she had done (do) her shopping.
15. They went (go) to a sightseeing tour after the bus had arrived (arrive).
Past Simple or Progressive - Exercise 2
1. They were having (have) tea when the doorbell rang (ring).
2. Father was smoking (smoke) his pipe while mother was reading (read) a magazine.
3. While he was mowing (mow) the lawn, it started (start) to rain.
4. He was having (have) breakfast when the toaster blew (blow) up.
5. When I came (come) into the office, my boss was waiting (wait) for me.
6. When we saw (see) Brian, he was driving (drive) a taxi.
7. Father was waiting (wait) in the car while mother was doing (do) the shopping.
8. When he arrived (arrive), we were having (have) dinner.
9. While they were playing (play) chess, we were going (go) shopping.
10. They were having (have) a party while he was sleeping (sleep).
11. He took (take) a photo when I was feeding (feed) the ducks.
12. They were playing (play) football when the lights in the stadium went (go) out.
13. While George and John were cleaning (clean) their room, she was doing (do) the ironing.
14. Sam was doing (do) the ironing when Jack phoned (phone) her.
15. We were waiting (wait) at Victoria station when the train arrived (arrive).
Хорошая работа!
УдалитьСорокина Надежда Э-11
ОтветитьУдалитьтест 1
1. They were having tea when the doorbell rang
2. Father was smoking his pipe while mother was reading a magazine.
3. While he was mowing the lawn, it started to rain.
4. He was having breakfast when the toaster blew up.
5. When I came into the office, my boss was waiting for me.
6. When we saw Brian, he was driving a taxi.
7. Father was waiting in the car while mother was doing the shopping.
8. When he arrived , we were having dinner.
9. While they were playing chess, we were going shopping.
10. They were having a party while he was sleeping.
11. He took a photo when I was feeding the ducks.
12. They were playing football when the lights in the stadium went out.
13. While George and John were cleaning their room, she was doing the ironing.
14. Sam was doing the ironing when Jack phoned her.
15. We were waiting at Victoria station when the train arrived.
тест 2
1. Sam bought a new cell phone a few months ago.
2. I didn't know that he bought a new cell phone. Yes, he has had it for a few months now.
3. Last year we went to Scotland for our holidays.
4. You look relaxed! Yes, I have just been on vacation.
5. I can't join you now because I have not done my homework yet.
6. I did all my homework yesterday afternoon.
7. I have not slept very well the last nights.
8. Are you tired? Yes, I have had a hard day.
9. Here is the news. There was an accident on the M1 near Nottingham.
10. I have lost my keys. Did you take them with you this morning?
11. Tom has lived in Sydney all his life.
12. How long dıd you stay out last night? You look tired.
13. have you ever had an accident? No, never.
14. My sister is going to Italy in the summer. That's why she has started to study Italian.
15. I dıd not have a cold last year.
тест 3
1. He had worked in a supermarket before he worked as a postman.
2. She fed the dog as soon as she had done her homework.
3. My sister had lived in England before she moved to Belgium.
4. After he had eaten all the sandwiches, he drank some orange juice.
5. We were tired because we had worked all day.
6. As I had missed the bus, I walked home again.
7. After they had installed the file, they could go on working.
8. He had just started to watch TV when the mobile phone rang.
9. Before she went to bed, she had listened to her favourite CD.
10. After he had lost all his money, he was poor as a church mouse.
11. She had had a cup of coffee before she wrote the letter.
12. My sister had eaten all the jam before our parents came home.
13. Tom was very angry because Ann had shouted at him.
14. She went home again as soon as she had done her shopping.
15. They went to a sightseeing tour after the bus had arrived.
Моткова Полина. Группа Э-11.
ОтветитьУдалитьЗадание 1.
Ability – способность
to allow – позволять
raw material – сырье
consequence – последствие
advanced technology – передовая технология
semiconductor – полупроводник
however – однако
to be aimed at – быть направленным на
although – хотя
in order to – для того, чтобы
available – доступный
to fulfill – выполнять
machine – машина
natural – природный
term – термин
modification – изменение
to harm the environment – вредить окр. среде
conductor – проводник
procedure – процедура
to increase – увеличивать
entity – объект, организация
to improve – улучшать
field of knowledge – область знаний
including – включающий
purpose – цель
requirement – требование
to satisfy requirements – соответствовать требованиям
to perform a function – выполнять назначение
phenomenon (phenomena) – феномен
to refer to – называть, упоминать
condition – условие
to employ a technique – применить метод
tool – инструмент
to affect – влиять
human – человек
usage – употребление
significantly – существенно
to restrict – ограничивать
Задание 2. Часть1. Технология
Технология — это создание, изменение, использование и знание инструментов,
машин, техники, ремесел, систем, методов организации при решении проблемы, улучшения существующего решения проблемы, достижения цели, обработки практического отношения ввода/вывода или выполнения определенной функции. Это также может относиться к набору таких инструментов, механизмов, изменений, размещений и процедур. Технологии существенно влияют на способность человека, также и на другие виды животных способность контролировать и приспосабливаться к своей естественной среде.
Использование человеком технологий началось с преобразования природных ресурсов в простые инструменты. Доисторическое открытие способности
управлять огнем увеличило доступные источники пищи, а изобретение
колеса помогло людям путешествовать и контролировать окружающую среду. Современные технологические разработки, в том числе печатный станок, телефон,
и Интернет, уменьшили физические барьеры для общения и позволили людям свободно взаимодействовать в глобальном масштабе. Однако не все технологии использовались в мирных целях; на протяжении всей истории развивалось оружие все возрастающей разрушительной силы - от дубинок до ядерного оружия.
Философские дебаты возникли по поводу нынешнего и будущего использования технологий в обществе, с разногласиями по поводу того, улучшает ли технология
состояние человека или ухудшает его.
Задание 3.
1. What is technology?
2. How does technology affect humans and other species?
3. What helped people in travelling?
4. What has reduced physical barriers to communication and allowed people to interact freely on a global scale?
5. Is it true that all technologies were used for peaceful purposes only?
6. What is the reason for the philosophical debate?
7. What is the reason for the popularity of the word "technology" in the 20th century?
8. Is there a difference between Technique and Technology in German?
9. What is the term "technology" also used for?
10. Is there any difference between science, engineering and technology ?
11. What is science?
12. What is engineering?
13. What areas of knowledge can technology development rely on?
14. Who discusses the exact relationship between science and technology in particular?
15. Is technology a consequence of science and technology?
(1)Технология - это создание, изменение, использование и знание инструментов, машин, методов, ремесел, систем, методов организации для решения проблемы, улучшения существующего решения проблемы, достижения цели, обработки прикладного отношения ввода/вывода или выполнения определенной функции. Это также может относиться к набору таких инструментов, механизмов, модификаций, механизмов и процедур. Технологии существенно влияют на способность человека, а также других видов животных контролировать и приспосабливаться к своей естественной среде обитания. Использование человеком технологий началось с превращения природных ресурсов в простые инструменты. Доисторическое открытие способности управлять огнем увеличило доступные источники пищи, а изобретение колеса помогло людям путешествовать и контролировать окружающую среду. Последние технологические достижения, включая печатный станок, телефон и Интернет, уменьшили физические барьеры для общения и позволили людям свободно взаимодействовать в глобальном масштабе. Однако не все технологии были использованы в мирных целях; разработка оружия все возрастающей разрушительной силы развивалась на протяжении всей истории, от дубинок до ядерного оружия.
ОтветитьУдалитьФилософские дебаты возникли по поводу нынешнего и будущего использования технологий в обществе, с разногласиями по поводу того, улучшает ли технология состояние человека или ухудшает его. Неолуддизм, анархо-примитивизм и подобные движения критикуют повсеместное распространение технологий в современном мире, полагая, что они наносят вред окружающей среде и отчуждают людей; сторонники таких идеологий, как трансгуманизм и техно-прогрессизм, рассматривают непрерывный технический прогресс как полезный для общества и состояния человека. Действительно, до недавнего времени считалось, что развитие технологий было ограничено только людьми, но недавние научные исследования показывают, что другие приматы и некоторые сообщества дельфинов разработали простые инструменты и научились передавать свои знания другим поколениям. Использование терминальной технологии значительно изменилось за последние 200 лет. До 20-го века этот термин был необычен в английском языке и обычно относился к описанию или изучению полезных искусств. Этот термин часто был связан с техническим образованием.
“Технология” получила известность в 20 веке в связи со Второй промышленной революцией. Значение технологии изменилось в начале 20 века, когда американские социологи, начиная с Торстейна Веблена, перевели идеи из немецкой концепции техники в “технологию”. В немецком и других европейских языках существует различие между Technik и Technologies, которое отсутствует в английском языке, поскольку оба термина обычно переводятся как “технология”.
Вопросы:
1. Why does neo-Luddism criticize the spread of technology in the modern world?
2. What is technology?
3. What is the difference between science, engineering and technology from each other?
4. What does technology affect?
5. What did the ability to control fire help?
6. For what purposes were the technologies used?
7. How do transhumanism and techno-progressivism view continuous technological progress?
8. Can some animals develop simple tools?
9. Is there a difference between the terms technik and technologie, if so, in which languages?
10. What can the word technology be used for?
Ability – способность, возможность
Удалитьto allow - разрешать
raw material - сырьё
consequence - следствие
advanced technology – передовые технологии
semiconductor -полупроводник
however - однако
to be aimed аt – быть направленным на
although - хотя
in order to -для того чтобы
available -доступный
to fulfill – выполнять
machine - аппарат
natural - естественный
term - термин
modification - изменение
to harm the environment – вредить окружающей среде
conductor - проводник
procedure - процедура
to increase - увеличивать
entity – объект, существо
to improve - улучшать
field of knowledge – область знаний
including - в том числе
purpose - цель
requirement - требование
to satisfy requirements – удовлетворять требованиям
to perform a function – выполнять функцию
to improve – улучшать
phenomenon (phenomena) - явление
to refer to - называть
condition - состояние
to employ a technique – использовать технику
tool - инструмент
to affect - влиять
human - человек
usage - употребление
significantly - существенно
to restrict – ограничивать
Тесты:
1.
1. They were having tea when the doorbell rang.
2. Father was smoking his pipe while mother was reading a magazine.
3. While he was mowing the lawn, it started to rain.
4. He was having breakfast when the toaster blew up.
5. When I came into the office, my boss was waiting for me.
6. When we saw Brian, he was driving a taxi.
7. Father was waiting in the car while mother was doing the shopping.
8. When he arrived, we were having dinner.
9. While they were playing chess, we were going shopping.
10. They were having a party while he was sleeping.
11. He took a photo when I was feeding the ducks.
12. They were playing football when the lights in the stadium went out.
13. While George and John were cleaning their room, she was doing the ironing.
14. Sam was doing the ironing when Jack phoned her.
15. We were waiting at Victoria station when the train arrived.
2.
1. Sam bought a new cell phone a few months ago
2. I didn’t know that he bought a new cell phone. Yes, he has done it for a few months now.
3. Last year we went to Scotland for our holidays
4. You look relaxed! Yes, I have just been on vacation
5. I can’t join you now because I have not done my homework yet
6. I did all my homework yesterday afternoon
7. 7. I Did not sleep very well the last nights.
8. 8. Are you tired? Yes, I Have had a hard day.
9. 9. Here is the news. There Has been an accident on the M1 near Nottingham.
10. 10. I Have lost my keys. Did you take them with you this morning?
11. 11. Tom Has lived in Sydney all his life.
12. 12. How long did you stay out last night? You look tired.
13. 13. Have you ever had an accident? No, never.
14. 14. My sister is going to Italy in the summer. That's why she Has started to study Italian.
15. 15. I Did not have a cold last year.
3.
1. He had worked in a supermarket before worked as a postman
2. She fed the dog as soon as she had done her homework
3. My sister had living in England before she moved to Belgium
4. After he had eaten all the drank some orange juice
5. We Were tired because we had worked all day
6. As l Missed the buss l walked home again
7. After they Had installed the file could go on working
8. He had just started to watch tv when the mobile phone rang
9. Before she went to bed, she had listened to her favourite CD
10. After he had lost all his money, he was poor as a church mouse
11. She had had a cup of coffee before she wrote the letter
12. My sister had eaten all the jam before our parents came home
13. Tom was very angry because Ann had shouted at him
14. She went home again as soon as she had done her shopping
15. They Went to a sightseeing tour after the bus had arrived
Группа Э-11
УдалитьЕлизавета, неплохо!
УдалитьМоткова Полина. Группа Э-11.
ОтветитьУдалитьЗадание 4.
Тест1
1. They were having tea when the doorbell rang
2. Father was smoking his pipe while mother reading a magazine
3. While he was mowing the lawn, it started to rain
4. He was having breakfast when the toaster blew up
5. When I came into the office, my boss was waiting for me
6. When we saw Brian, he was driving a taxi
7. Father was waiting in the car while mother was doing the shopping
8. When he arrived we were having dinner
9. While they were playing chess, we were going shopping
10. They were having a party while he was sleeping
11. He took a photo when I was feeding the ducks
12. They were playing football when the lights in the stadium went out
13. While George and John were cleaning their room, she was doing
14. Sam was doing the ironing when Jack phoned her
15. We were waiting at Victoria station when the train arrived
Тест 2.
1. Sam bought a new cell phone a few moths ago
2. I didn’t know that he bought a new cell phone. Yes, he has done it for a few months now.
3. Last year we went to Scotland for our holidays
4. You look relaxed! Yes I have just been on vacation
5. I can’t join you now because I have not done my homework yet
6. I did all my homework yesterday afternoon
7. 7. I Did not sleep very well the last nights. (not sleep)
8. 8. Are you tired? Yes, I Have had a hard day. (have)
9. 9. Here is the news. There Has been an accident on the M1 near Nottingham. (be)
10. 10. I Have lost my keys. Did you take them with you this morning?
11. 11. Tom Has lived in Sydney all his life. (live)
12. 12. How long did you stay out last night? You look tired. (you stay)
13. 13. Have you ever had an accident? No, never. (you ever have)
14. 14. My sister is going to Italy in the summer. That's why she Has started to study Italian. (start)
15. 15. I Did not have a cold last year. (not have)
Тест 3.
1. He had worked in a supermarket before worked as a postman
2. She fed the dog as soon as she had done her homework
3. My sister had living in England before she moved to Belgium
4. After he had eaten all the drank some orange juice
5. We Were tired because we had worked all day
6. As l Missed the buss l walked home again
7. After they Had installed the file could go on working
8. He had just started to watch tv when the mobile phone rang
9. Before she went to bed she had listened to her favourite CD
10. After he had lost all his money he was poor as a church mouse
11. She had had a cup of coffee before she wrote the letter
12. My sister had eaten all the jam before our parents came home
13. Tom was very angry because Ann had shouted at him
14. She went home again as soon as she had done her shopping
15. They Went to a sightseeing tour after the bus had arrived
Полина, хорошо!
Удалить№1
ОтветитьУдалитьаbility- способность
to allow- позволять, разрешать
raw material- сырьё
consequence- следствие
advanced technology- передовая технология
semiconductor- полупроводник
however -однако
to be aimed at - быть направленным на что-либо
although - хотя
in order to – для того, чтобы
available - доступный
to fulfill – выполнять, исполнять
machine –машина, аппарат
natural –естественный
term –срок, термин
modification -изменение
to harm the environment –вредить окружающей среде
conductor –проводник, дирижер, руководитель
procedure –процедура, операция
to increase -увеличение
entity –сущность, организация
to improve –улучшать
field of knowledge- область знаний
including –включая, в том числе
purpose -цель
requirement – требование, потребность
to satisfy requirements – удовлетворять условиям
to perform a function –выполнять функцию
to improve -улучшать
phenomenon (phenomena)- явление, феномен
to refer to – передавать на рассмотрение, иметь отношение
condition – состояние, условие
to employ a technique – пользоваться техникой
tool - инструмент
to affect –влиять, затрагивать
human - человек
usage –употребление, обращение
significantly – существенно
to restrict- ограничивать
№2 Технология.
УдалитьТехнология - это создание, изменение, использование и знание инструментов, машин, методов, профессий, систем, методов организации, с целью решения проблемы, улучшения уже существующего решения проблемы, достичь цели, обрабатывать применяемое отношение ввода / вывода или выполнять определенную функцию. Оно может также относятся к набору такого рода инструментов, оборудования, изменений, устройств и процедур. Технологии существенно влияют на человека, а также способность других видов животных управлять своей естественной средой и адаптироваться к ней.
Использование технологий человеческим видом началось с превращения природных ресурсов в простые инструменты. Доисторическое открытие способности управление огнем увеличило доступные источники пищи и изобретение колеса помогало людям путешествовать и управлять своей окружающей обстановкой. Последние технологические разработки, в том числе печатный станок, телефон, и интернет уменьшили физические барьеры для общения и позволили людям свободно взаимодействовать в глобальном масштабе. Однако не все технологии использовались в мирных целях; на протяжении истории развитие оружия с возрастающей разрушительной силы прогрессировало, от дубинок до ядерного оружия.
Философские дебаты возникли на почве нынешнего и будущего использования технологий в обществе, разногласия по поводу того, улучшают ли технологии состояние человека или ухудшают его. Нео-Луддизм, анархо-примитивизм и подобные движения критикуют распространение технологий в современном мире, полагая, что они наносят вред окружающей среде и отдаляют людей; сторонники идеологии, такие как трансгуманизм и техно-прогрессивизм, выступают за продолжение технологического прогресса как благо для общества и условий жизни человека. Действительно, до недавнего времени считалось, что развитие технологий ограничивается только людьми, но недавние научные исследования показывают, что другие приматы и определенные сообщества дельфинов разработали простые инструменты и научились передавать свои знания другим поколениям.
Использование термина технология значительно изменилось за последние 200 лет. До 20-го века этот термин был необычным для английского языка и обычно относился к описанию или изучению прикладных искусств. Термин часто использовался в сфере технического образования.
«Технология» приобрела известность в 20 веке в связи со Второй промышленной революцией. Смысл технологий изменился в начале 20 века, когда американские социологи, начиная с Торстейна Веблена, перевели смысл из немецкого понятия Technik в понятие «технология». В немецком и в других европейских языках существует различие между Technik и Technologie, отсутствующие в английском языке, поскольку оба термина обычно переводятся как «технология».
№3
Удалить1 What is technology?
2 How does technology affect humans?
3 Which discovery increased the available food sources?
4 Which technologies weren’t used for peaceful purposes?
5 What is the reason for the philosophical debate?
6 Which movements criticize the pervasiveness of technology in the modern world?
7 What ideologies stand for technological progress?
8 Where was the term "technology" often used before the 20th century?
9 The development of technology was restricted only to humans, isn’t it?
10 Why did "technology" become famous in the 20th century?
11 Is there a distinction exists between Technik and Technologie in English?
12 Is there a difference between science, engineering and technology?
13 What is engineering?
14 In what usage does technology refer to tools and machines that can be used to solve real-world problems?
15 Technologies are usually exclusively products of science, isn’t it?
1. ability - способность
ОтветитьУдалитьto allow - разрешать
raw material - сырье
consequence – следствие, вывод
advanced technology – передовая технология
semiconductor - полупроводник
however – однако, как
to be aimed at – быть направленным на
although - хотя, если бы даже
in order to – для того, чтобы
available - доступный
to fulfill - выполнять
machine – машинный, машина, механизм
natural – натуральный
term – срок, период
modification - изменение
to harm the environment – вред окружающей среде
conductor – кондуктор, проводник
procedure – процедура, операция
to increase – увеличение, рост
entity – сущность, организация
to improve - улучшать
field of knowledge - область знаний
including – в том числе
purpose – цель, назначение
requirement – требование, потребность
to satisfy requirements – удовлетворять техническим условиям/требованиям
to perform a function – выполнять свою служебную функцию
to improve - улучшать
phenomenon (phenomena) - явление
to refer to - передавать на рассмотрение, относиться
condition - состояние, условие
to employ a technique
tool - инструмент, станок
to affect - влиять
human - человек
usage - употребление
significantly - существенно, многозначительно
to restrict – ограничивать
2. Сегодня технологию можно определить наиболее широко - как объекты материальные и нематериальные, созданные путем применения умственных и физических усилий для достижения какой-то цели. В этом значении, технология относится к инструментам и машинам, которые могут быть использованы для решения реальных проблем.
Слово "технология" также может использоваться для обозначения ряда методов. В данном контексте это текущее состояние знаний человечества о том, как объединить ресурсы для получения желаемых продуктов, решения проблем, удовлетворения потребностей или желаний; это включает в себя технические методы, навыки, процессы, технологии, инструменты и сырье.
Различие между наукой, инженерией и технологией не всегда очевидно. Наука - это обоснованное исследование или изучение явлений,
направленное на выявление устойчивых принципов среди элементов феноменального мира с помощью формальных методов, таких как научный метод. Технологии обычно не являются исключительно продуктами науки, потому что они должны удовлетворять таким требованиям, как полезность, практичность и безопасность.
Инженерия - это целенаправленный процесс проектирования и создания инструментов и систем для использования природных явлений для практических целей человека, часто (но не всегда) используя результаты и научные методы. Разработка технологий может опираться на многие области знаний, включая научные, инженерные, математические, лингвистические и исторические знания для достижения какого-то практического результата.
Технология часто является следствием науки и инженерии – хотя технология как вид человеческой деятельности предшествует этим двум областям. Например, наука может изучать поток электронов в электрических проводниках, используя уже существующие инструменты и знания. Затем эти новые знания могут быть использованы инженерами для создания новых инструментов и машин, таких как полупроводники, компьютеры и другие виды передовых технологий. В этом смысле ученые и инженеры могут считаться технологами; эти три области часто рассматриваются как одна для целей исследований и ссылок.
Точные отношения между наукой и технологией, в частности, были обсуждаемы учеными, историками и политиками с конца 20-го века. Этот вопрос остается спорным, хотя большинство аналитиков сопротивляются модели, согласно которой технология - это просто результат научных исследований.
3.
Удалить1. What is the technology?
2. Does technology affect humans?
3. How does technology affect animals?
4. How did the prehistoric discovery of the ability to control fire help humans?
5. What the recent technological developments have done, including the printing press, the telephone, and the Internet?
6. What technologies were used not for peaceful purposes?
7. What is the position of Neo-Luddism, anarcho-primitivism on technology?
8. What is the position of transhumanism and techno-progressivism on technology?
9. What term was not used in English and usually referred to the description or study of the useful arts until the 20th century?
10. What is Science?
11. What requirements should the technology meet?
12. What is Engineering?
13. What fields of knowledge is the development of technology based on?
14. Is technology a consequence of science and engineering?
15. Do most analysts resist the model that technology is simply the result of scientific research?
4.
Past Simple or Progressive
1. They were having tea when the doorbell rang .
2. Father was smoking his pipe while mother was reading a magazine.
3. While he was mowing the lawn, it started to rain.
4. He was having breakfast when the toaster blew up.
5. When I came into the office, my boss was waiting for me.
6. When we saw Brian, he was driving a taxi.
7. Father was waiting in the car while mother was doing the shopping.
8. When he arrived , we were having dinner.
9. While they were playing chess, we were going shopping.
10. They were having a party while he was sleeping .
11. He took a photo when I was feeding the ducks.
12. They were playing football when the lights in the stadium went out.
13. While George and John were cleaning their room, she was doing the ironing.
14. Sam was doing the ironing when Jack phoned her.
15. We were waiting at Victoria station when the train arrived.
Present Perfect or Past Simple
1. Sam bought a new cell phone a few months ago.
2. I didn't know that he bought a new cell phone. Yes, he has had it for a few months now.
3. Last year we went to Scotland for our holidays.
4. You look relaxed! Yes, I have just been on vacation.
5. I can't join you now because I have not done my homework yet.
6. I did all my homework yesterday afternoon.
7. I did not sleep very well the last nights.
8. Are you tired? Yes, I have had a hard day.
9. Here is the news. There has been an accident on the M1 near Nottingham
10. I have lost my keys. Did you take them with you this morning?
11. Tom has lived in Sydney all his life.
12. How long did you stay out last night? You look tired.
13. have you ever had an accident? No, never.
14. My sister is going to Italy in the summer. That's why she has started to study Italian.
15. I did not have a cold last year.
Past Tense or Past Perfect
1. He had worked in a supermarket before he worked as a postman.
2. She fed the dog as soon as she had done her homework.
3. My sister had lived in England before she moved to Belgium.
4. After he had eaten all the sandwiches, he drank some orange juice.
5. We were tired because we had worked all day.
6. As I had missed the bus, I walked home again.
7. After they had installed the file, they could go on working.
8. He had just started to watch TV when the mobile phone rang .
9. Before she went to bed, she had listened to her favourite CD.
10. After he had lost all his money, he was poor as a church mouse.
11. She had had a cup of coffee before she wrote the letter.
12. My sister had eaten all the jam before our parents came home.
13. Tom was very angry because Ann had shouted at him.
14. She went home again as soon as she had done her shopping.
15. They went to a sightseeing tour after the bus had arrived .
Кармышова Юлия Викторовна О-12
ОтветитьУдалитьЗадание №1
Ability – Способность, возможность
to allow- разрешать
raw material- сырье
consequence - следствие, вывод
advanced technology- передовая технология
semiconductor - полупроводник
however- однако, как
to be aimed at- быть направленным на
although- хотя, если бы даже
in order to-для того, чтобы
available- доступный
to fulfill- выполнять, исполнять
machine- машина, механизм
natural- натуральный
term – срок, термин
modification – модификация, изменение
to harm the environment- вред окружающей среде
conductor- кондуктор, проводник
procedure- процедура, операция
to increase- увеличение рост
entity- сущность, организация
to improve- улучшать
field of knowledge- область знаний
including- в том числе
purpose- цель, назначение
requirement- требование, потребность
to satisfy requirements – удовлетворять техническим условиям
to perform a function – выполнять свою служебную функцию
to improve- улучшать
phenomenon (phenomena)- явление, феномен
to refer to- передавать на рассмотрение
condition- состояние, условие
to employ a technique- использовать технику
tool- инструмент, станок
to affect – влиять
human- человек
usage- употребление
significantly- существенно, многозначительно
to restrict- ограничивать
Задание №2 (Today, technology can be most broadly…)
Сегодня технологию можно наиболее широко определить, как сущность, как материальные, так и нематериальные, созданные путем применения умственных и физических усилий, с целью достижения определенной ценности. В этом использовании технология относится к инструментам и машинам, которые могут быть использованы для решения реальных проблем.
Слово «технология» также может использоваться для обозначения набора технических средств. В этом контексте это современное состояние знаний человечества о том, как объединить ресурсы для производства желаемых продуктов, для решения проблем, удовлетворения потребностей или удовлетворения желаний, она включает в себя технические методы, навыки, процессы, технологии, инструменты и сырье.
Различие между наукой, техникой и технологией не всегда ясно. Наука - это обоснованное исследование или изучение явлений, направленное на обнаружение устойчивых принципов среди элементов феноменального мира с использованием формальных технологий, таких как научный метод. Технологии обычно не являются исключительно научными продуктами, поскольку они должны удовлетворять таким требованиям, как полезность, удобство использования и безопасность.
Инженерия - это целенаправленный процесс проектирования и создание инструментов, и систем для использования природных явлений в практических человеческих целях, часто, но не всегда, используя результаты и методы из науки. Развитие технологий может опираться на многие области знаний, включая научные, инженерные, математические, лингвистические и исторические знания, для достижения некоторого практического результата.
Технология часто является следствием науки и техники, хотя технология, как человеческая деятельность предшествует этим двум областям. Например, наука может изучать поток электронов в электрических проводниках, используя уже существующие инструменты и знания. Эти новые знания потом могут быть использованы инженерами для создания новых инструментов и машин, таких как полупроводники, компьютеры и другие формы передовых технологий. В этом смысле и ученых, и инженеров, обоих можно считать технологами, эти три области часто рассматриваются как одна для целей исследований и справочных материалов.
Точные отношения между наукой и технологией, в частности, обсуждаются учеными, историками и политиками с конца 20-го века. Этот вопрос остается спорным, хотя большинство аналитиков противятся модели, согласно которой технология просто является результатом научных исследований.
Задание 1.
ОтветитьУдалить1)ability(способность);consequence(следствие);however(однако);in order to(для того,чтобы);machine(машина);modification(модификация);procedure(процедура);to improve(улучшать);field of knowledge(область знаний);to perform a function(выполнять функцию);to refer to(ссылаться на);tool(инструмент);usage(использование).
2)to allow(позволять);advanced technology(передовая технология);to be aimed at(быть направлены на);available(доступный);natural(природный);to harm the environment(наносить вред окружающей среде);to increase(увеличиваться);including(включая);purpose(цель);to improve(улучшать);condition(состояние);to affect(влиять);significantly(значительно).
3) raw material(сырьё);semiconductor(полупроводник);although(хотя);to fulfill(выполнять);term(термин);conductor(проводник); entity(организация); requirement(требование); to satisfy requirements(для удовлетворения требований); phenomenon (phenomena)( феномен (явления)); to employ a technique(использовать технику); human(человек);
to restrict(ограничивать).
Задание 2.
(от the human species' use... до learned to pass their knowledge to other generations.)
Использование человеком технологий началось с превращения природных ресурсов в простые инструменты. Доисторическое открытие возможности управлять огнем увеличило доступные источники пищи, а изобретение колеса помогло людям путешествовать и контролировать окружающую среду.Недавние технологические достижения, в том числе печатный станок, телефон, и интернет, уменьшили физические барьеры для общения и позволили людям свободно взаимодействовать в глобальном масштабе.Однако не все технологии использовались в мирных целях; разработка оружия возрастающей разрушительной мощи продолжалась на протяжении всей истории, от дубинок до ядерного оружия.Философские дебаты возникли по поводу нынешнего и будущего использования технологий в обществе, с разногласиями по поводу того, улучшает ли технология состояние человека или ухудшает его.Неолуддизм, анархо-примитивизм и подобные движения критикуют повсеместное распространение технологий в современном мире,полагая, что они наносят вред окружающей среде и отчуждают людей; сторонники таких идеологий, как трансгуманизм и техно-прогрессизм, видят непрерывный технический прогресс полезным для общества и состояния человека.Действительно, до недавнего времени считалось, что развитие технологий было ограничено только человеческим существованием, но недавние научные исследования показывают, что другие приматы и некоторые сообщества(биол.) дельфинов создали(разработали) простые инструменты научились передавать свои знания другим поколениям.
Веретин Егор О-12
УдалитьЗадание 4.
Удалить!1. They were having (have) tea when the doorbell rang (ring).
2. Father was smoking (smoke) his pipe while mother was reading (read) a magazine.
3. While he was mowing (mow) the lawn, it started (start) to rain.
4. He was having (have) breakfast when the toaster blew (blow) up.
5. When I came (come) into the office, my boss was waiting (wait) for me.
6. When we saw (see) Brian, he was driving (drive) a taxi.
7. Father was waiting (wait) in the car while mother was doing (do) the shopping.
8. When he arrived (arrive), we were having (have) dinner.
9. While they were playing (play) chess, we were going (go) shopping.
10. They were having (have) a party while he was sleeping (sleep).
11. He took (take) a photo when I was feeding (feed) the ducks.
12. They were playing (play) football when the lights in the stadium went (go) out.
13. While George and John were cleaning (clean) their room, she was doing (do) the ironing.
14. Sam was doing (do) the ironing when Jack phoned (phone) her.
15. We were waiting (wait) at Victoria station when the train arrived (arrive).
!1. Sam bought a new cell phone a few months ago. (buy)
2. I didn't know that he bought a new cell phone. Yes, he has had it for a few months now. (have)
3. Last year we went to Scotland for our holidays. (go)
4. You look relaxed! Yes, I have just been on vacation. (just been)
5. I can't join you now because I have not done my homework yet. (not do)
6. I did all my homework yesterday afternoon. (do)
7. I have slept very well the last nights. (not sleep)
8. Are you tired? Yes, I have had a hard day. (have)
9. Here is the news. There was an accident on the M1 near Nottingham. (be)
10. I have lost my keys. Did you take them with you this morning? (lose)
11. Tom has lived in Sydney all his life. (live)
12. How long did you stay out last night? You look tired. (you stay)
13. Have your ever had an accident? No, never. (you ever have)
14. My sister is going to Italy in the summer. That's why she has started to study Italian. (start)
15. I did not have a cold last year. (not have)
!1. He had worked (work) in a supermarket before he worked (work) as a postman.
2. She fed (feed) the dog as soon as she had done (do) her homework.
3. My sister had lived (live) in England before she moved (move) to Belgium.
4. After he had eaten (eat) all the sandwiches, he drank (drink) some orange juice.
5. We were (be) tired because we had worked (work) all day.
6. As I had missed (miss) the bus, I walked (walk) home again.
7. After they had installed (install) the file, they could (can) go on working.
8. He had just started (just start) to watch TV when the mobile phone rang (ring).
9. Before she went (go) to bed, she had listened (listen) to her favourite CD.
10. After he had lost (lose) all his money, he was poor (be) poor as a church mouse.
11. She had had (have) a cup of coffee before she wrote (write) the letter.
12. My sister had eaten (eat) all the jam before our parents came (come) home.
13. Tom was (be) very angry because Ann had shouted (shout) at him.
14. She went (go) home again as soon as she had done (do) her shopping.
15. They went (go) to a sightseeing tour after the bus had arrived (arrive).
Задание 3.
1) What was the philosophical debate about?
2) Does technology improve or worsen the current state of a person?
3) Is the difference between science, technology and technology clearly visible?
4) What areas of knowledge is the technology based on?
5) What is engineering?
6) Is technology a product of science?
7) What requirements should it satisfy?
8) Does engineering use scientific methods?
9) What animals are capable of transmitting knowledge to the next generations?
10) What criticizes neo-luddism?
11) What is the current definition of technology?
12) Is technology a tool for achieving goals and solving problems?
13) What tools of knowledge of the world does the technology include?
14) What is science?
15) Is it possible to say on the basis of the text that you have read that the technology is useful?
2 часть Веретин Егор О-12
УдалитьPоманкевич O-12
ОтветитьУдалитьability способность
to allow позволять
raw material исходный материал
consequence последствие
advanced technology современная технология
semiconductor полупроводник
however однако
to be aimed at быть направленным на
although хотя
in order to для того, чтобы
available доступный
to fulfill выполнять
machine машина
natural природный
term термин
modification изменение
to harm the environment наносить вред окружающей среде
conductor проводник
procedure процедура
to increase увеличивать
entity сущность, субьект
to improve улучшать
field of knowledge область знаний
including включающий
purpose цель,задача
requirement требование
to satisfy requirements удовлетворять требованиям
to perform a function выполнять назначение
phenomenon (phenomena)феномен
to refer to ссылаться на
condition условие
to employ a technique применить метод
tool инструмент
to affect влиять
human человек
usage использование
significantly существенно
to restrict ограничивать, сдерживать
Сегодня технологию можно наиболее широко определить как объекты, как материальные, так и нематериальные, созданные путем приложения умственных и физических усилий для достижения определенной ценности. В этом случае технология относится к инструментам и машинам, которые могут быть использованы для решения реальных проблем. Слово “технология” также может использоваться для обозначения совокупности методов. В этом контексте это современное состояние знаний человечества о том, как объединить ресурсы для производства нужных продуктов, решения проблем, удовлетворения потребностей или удовлетворения потребностей, оно включает технические методы, навыки, процессы, методы, инструменты и сырье. Различие между наукой, техникой и технологией не всегда ясно. Наука - это обоснованное исследование или изучение явлений, направленное на обнаружение устойчивых принципов среди элементов феноменального мира с использованием формальных методов, таких как научный метод. Технологии обычно не являются исключительно средствами науки, поскольку они должны удовлетворять таким требованиям, как полезность, удобство использования и безопасность.Инженерия - это целенаправленный процесс проектирования и создания инструментов и систем для использования природных явлений в практических человеческих целях, часто (но не всегда) с использованием результатов и методов науки.
1) How does technology affect humans and other animal species?
2) How did the human use of technology begin?
3) What did give a person the ability to control fire?
4) What inventions allowed humans to interact freely on a global scale?
5) Not all technology has been used for peacful purposes, hasn't been it?
6) What do you thing technology improves the human condition or worsens it?
7) Only people develop technology?
8) What does the term 'technology' mean before the 20th century mean?
9) How can today be defined technology?
10) Is it always clear the difference between science, engineering, technology?
12) Who uses the new knowledge discovered by technologists?
13) What areas can the development of technology draw upon?
14) How do transhumanism and techno-progressivism view continuous technological progress?
15) what is engineering?
Продолжение: Кармышова Юлия Викторовна О-12
ОтветитьУдалитьЗадание №3
1. What is technology?
2. How did the human use of technology begin?
3. What has helped people interact freely on a global scale?
4. What were the philosophical debates about?
5. Was the development of technology limited only to people?
6. How many years has the use of terminal technology changed?
7. In what century did "technology" become famous?
8. In connection with what "technology" became famous?
9. How can technology be defined today?
10. What is the word "technology" used for?
11. Is the distinction between science, technology and technology always clear?
12. What is engineering?
13. What does technology development rely on?
14. What is often the consequence of technology?
15. In a certain sense, scientists and engineers can be considered technologists?
Задание №4
1. 1. They was having tea when the doorbell rang .
2. Father was smoking his pipe while mother was reading a magazine.
3. While he was mowing the lawn, it start to rain.
4. He was having breakfast when the toaster blew up.
5. When I came into the office, my boss was waiting for me.
6. When we saw Brian, he was driving a taxi.
7. Father was waiting in the car while mother was doing the shopping.
8. When he was arriving , we was having dinner.
9. While they were playing chess, we were going shopping.
10. They was having a party while he was sleeping .
11. He took a photo when I was feeding the ducks.
12. They were playing football when the lights in the stadium went out.
13. While George and John were cleaning their room, she was doing the ironing.
14. Sam was doing the ironing when Jack phoned her.
15. We were waiting at Victoria station when the train arrived .
2. 1. Sam bought a new cell phone a few months ago.
2. I didn't know that he bought a new cell phone. Yes, he has it for a few months now.
3. Last year we went to Scotland for our holidays.
4. You look relaxed! Yes, I have just been on vacation.
5. I can't join you now because I haven't done my homework yet.
6. I did all my homework yesterday afternoon.
7. I haven’t slept very well the last nights.
8. Are you tired? Yes, I had a hard day.
9. Here is the news. There was an accident on the M1 near Nottingham.
10. I lost my keys. Did you take them with you this morning?
11. Tom has lived in Sydney all his life.
12. How long did you stay out last night? You look tired.
13. have you ever had an accident? No, never.
14. My sister is going to Italy in the summer. That's why she started to study Italian.
15. I didn't have a cold last year.
3. 1. He has worked in a supermarket before he worked as a postman.
2. She fed the dog as soon as she has done her homework.
3. My sister had lived in England before she moved to Belgium.
4. After he had eaten all the sandwiches, he drank some orange juice.
5. We were tired because we had worked all day.
6. As I has missed the bus, I walked home again.
7. After they had installed the file, they could go on working.
8. He had just started to watch TV when the mobile phone rang.
9. Before she went to bed, she had listened to her favourite CD.
10. After he has lost all his money, he was poor poor as a church mouse.
11. She had a cup of coffee before she wrote the letter.
12. My sister had eaten all the jam before our parents came home.
13. Tom was very angry because Ann had shouted at him.
14. She went home again as soon as she had done her shopping.
15. They went to a sightseeing tour after the bus had arrived .
Романкевич O-12
ОтветитьУдалить1)
1. They were having tea when the doorbell rang
2. Father was smoking his pipe while mother reading a magazine
3. While he was mowing the lawn, it started to rain
4. He was having breakfast when the toaster blew up
5. When I came into the office, my boss was waiting for me
6. When we saw Brian, he was driving a taxi
7. Father was waiting in the car while mother was doing the shopping
8. When he arrived we were having dinner
9. While they were playing chess, we were going shopping
10. They were having a party while he was sleeping
11. He took a photo when I was feeding the ducks
12. They were playing football when the lights in the stadium went out
13. While George and John were cleaning their room, she was doing
14. Sam was doing the ironing when Jack phoned her
15. We were waiting at Victoria station when the train arrived
2)
1. Sam bought a new cell phone a few moths ago
2. I didn’t know that he bought a new cell phone. Yes, he has done it for a few months now.
3. Last year we went to Scotland for our holidays
4. You look relaxed! Yes I have just been on vacation
5. I can’t join you now because I have not done my homework yet
6. I did all my homework yesterday afternoon
7. I Did not sleep very well the last nights. (not sleep)
8. Are you tired? Yes, I Have had a hard day. (have)
9. Here is the news. There Has been an accident on the M1 near Nottingham. (be)
10. I Have lost my keys. Did you take them with you this morning?
11 .Tom Has lived in Sydney all his life. (live)
12. How long did you stay out last night? You look tired. (you stay)
13. Have you ever had an accident? No, never. (you ever have)
14. My sister is going to Italy in the summer. That's why she Has started to study Italian. (start)
15. I Did not have a cold last year. (not have)
3)
1. He had worked in a supermarket before he worked as a postman.
2. She fed the dog as soon as she had done her homework.
3. My sister had lived in England before she moved to Belgium.
4. After he had eaten all the sandwiches, he drank some orange juice.
5. We were tired because we had worked all day.
6. As I had missed the bus, I walked home again.
7. After they had installed the file, they could go on working.
8. He had just started to watch TV when the mobile phone rang .
9. Before she went to bed, she had listened to her favourite CD.
10. After he had lost all his money, he was poor as a church mouse.
11. She had had a cup of coffee before she wrote the letter.
12. My sister had eaten all the jam before our parents came home.
13. Tom was very angry because Ann had shouted at him.
14. She went home again as soon as she had done her shopping.
15. They went to a sightseeing tour after the bus had arrived .
1) Перевод слов
ОтветитьУдалитьability-способность, умение
consequence-следствие
however-однако
in order to-для того чтобы
machine-двигатель
modification-модификация
procedure-методика, процедура
to improve-улучшать
field of knowledge-область знаний
to perform a function-выполнять функцию
to refer to-относиться
tool-инструмент, орудие
usage-употребление, обычай
to allow-позволять
advanced technology-продвинутые технологии
to be aimed at-быть нацеленным на
available-доступный
natural-естественный, природный
to harm the environment-наносить вред окружающей среде
to increase- увеличивать
including-включая
purpose- цель, назначение
to improve-улучшать
condition-состояние
to affect-влиять
significantly-существенно
raw material-сырой материал
semiconductor-полупроводник
although-хотя
to fulfill-выполнять, исполнять
term-срок, термин
conductor- проводник
entity- сущность, объект
requirement-требование
to satisfy requirements-соответствовать требованиям
phenomenon-явление, феномен
to employ a technique-применять технику
human-человек
to restrict-ограничивать
2)Перевод текста
Сегодня технологию можно наиболее широко определить как сущности, как материальные, так и нематериальные, созданные путем применения умственных и физических усилий для двигателям, некоторой ценности. В этом употреблении, технология относится к инструментам и машинам, которые могут быть использованы для решения реальных проблем. Слово «технология» также может использоваться для обозначения набора методов. В этом контексте, это современное состояние знаний человечества о том, как объединить ресурсы для производства желаемых продуктов, решения проблем, выполнения потребностей или удовлетворения потребностей; она включает в себя технические методы, навыки, процессы, техники, инструменты и сырье. Различие между наукой, машиностроением и технологией не всегда ясно. Наука - это аргументированное исследование или изучение явлений, направленное на обнаружение устойчивых принципов среди элементов феноменального мира с использованием формальных методов, таких как научный метод. Технологии обычно не являются исключительно продуктами науки, потому что они должны удовлетворять таким требованиям, как полезность, удобство использования и безопасность. Машиностроение - это целенаправленный процесс проектирования и создания инструментов и систем для использования природных явлений в практических человеческих целях, часто (но не всегда) с использованием результатов и методов науки. Развитие технологии может опираться на многие области знаний, включая научные, инженерные, математические, лингвистические и исторические знания, для достижения некоторого практического результата.
3) Вопросы к тексту
1. What is technology for?
2. What do technology affect?
3. How did people's use of technology begin?
4. What contribution have recent technical developments made?
5. What caused the philosophical debate?
6. What were the differences in the philosophical debate?
7. What criticizes neo-Ludism and anarcho-primitivism?
8. How many years has the use of the term "Technology" changed?
9. What was the reason for the term "technology"?
10. What are the differences between science, engineering and technology?
11.Why isn't technology solely a product of science?
12. What is mechanical engineering?
13.What areas of knowledge is the development of technology based on?
14. In connection with what, "technology" gained fame in the 20th century?
15. Is the technology used not only for peaceful purposes?
4) Грамматика
ОтветитьУдалить1)
1. They were having tea when the doorbell rang.
2. Father was smoking his pipe while mother read a magazine.
3. While he was mowing the lawn, it started to rain.
4. He was having breakfast when the toaster blew up.
5. When I came into the office, my boss waswaiting for me.
6. When we saw Brian, he was driving a taxi.
7. Father was waiting in the car while mother did the shopping.
8. When he arrived, we were having dinner.
9. While they was playing chess, we went shopping.
10. They had a party while he was sleeping.
11. He took a photo when I was feeding the ducks.
12. They were playing football when the lights in the stadium went out.
13. While George and John were cleaning their room, she was doing the ironing.
14. Sam was doing the ironing when Jack phoned her.
15. We were waiting at Victoria station when the train arrived.
2)
1. Sam bought a new cell phone a few months ago.
2. I didn't know that he bought a new cell phone. Yes, he has had it for a few months now.
3. Last year we went to Scotland for our holidays.
4. You look relaxed! Yes, I have just been on vacation.
5. I can't join you now because I haven't done my homework yet.
6. I did all my homework yesterday afternoon.
7. I didn't sleep very well the last nights.
8. Are you tired? Yes, I have had a hard day.
9. Here is the news. There was an accident on the M1 near Nottingham.
10. I have lost my keys. Did you take them with you this morning?
11. Tom has lived in Sydney all his life.
12. How long did you stay out last night? You look tired.
14. My sister is going to Italy in the summer. That's why she has started to study Italian.
15. I didn't have a cold last year.
3)
1. He had worked in a supermarket before he worked as a postman.
2. She fed the dog as soon as she had done her homework.
3. My sister had lived in England before she moved to Belgium.
4. After he had eaten all the sandwiches, he drank some orange juice.
5. We were tired because we had worked all day.
6. As I had missed the bus, I walked home again.
7. After they had installed the file, they could go on working.
8. He had just started to watch TV when the mobile phone rang.
9. Before she went to bed, she had listen to her favourite CD.
10. After he lost all his money, he was poor as a church mouse.
11. She had a cup of coffee before she had wrote the letter.
12. My sister had eaten all the jam before our parents came home.
13. Tom was very angry because Ann had shouted at him.
14. She went home again as soon as she had done her shopping.
15. They went to a sightseeing tour after the bus had arrived.
Акимова Юлия, Э-11
ОтветитьУдалить1 задание.
ability — способность
consequence — последствие
however — тем немение
in order to — для того, чтобы
machine — машина, механизм
modification — модификация, изменение
procedure — процедура, операция
to improve — улучшать, улучшаться
field of knowledge — область знаний
to perform a function — выполнять свою служебную функцию
to refer to — передавать на рассмотрение
tool — инструмент, орудие
usage — употребление, обычай
to allow — позволять, допускать
advanced technology — передовая технология
to be aimed at — быть направленным на
available — доступный
natural — природный, естественный
to harm the environment — воедить окружающей среде
to increase — увеличение, рост
including — включая, в том числе
purpose — цель, назначение
to improve — улучшать
condition — состояние, условие
to affect — влиять, затрагивать
significantly — существенно, заметно
raw material — сырьё
semiconductor — полупроводник
although — хотя
to fulfill — выполнять
term — срок, термин
conductor — дирижер, проводник
entity — сущность, организация
requirement — требование, потребность
to satisfy requirements — удовлетворять техническим требованиям
phenomenon — явление, феномен
to employ a technique — используйте технику
human — человек
to restrict — ограничивать
2 задание.
Технология - это создание, модификация, использование и знание инструментов, машин, методов, ремесел, систем, методов организации для решения проблемы, улучшения ранее существовавшего решения проблемы, достижения цели, обработки прикладных входных данных/выходное отношение или выполнять определенную функцию. Это также может относиться к набору таких инструментов, оборудования, модификаций, устройств и процедур. Технологии существенно влияют на способность человека и других видов животных управлять своей естественной средой и адаптироваться к ней.
Использование технологий человеческим видом началось с преобразования природных ресурсов в простые инструменты. Доисторическое открытие способности управлять огнем увеличило количество доступных источников пищи, а изобретение колеса помогло людям путешествовать и контролировать окружающую среду. Последние технологические разработки, включая печатный станок, телефон и Интернет, уменьшили физические барьеры для общения и позволили людям свободно взаимодействовать в глобальном масштабе. Однако не все технологии использовались в мирных целях; Развитие оружия все возрастающей разрушительной силы прогрессировало на протяжении всей истории, от дубинок до ядерного оружия.
Акимова Юля, Э-11, продолжение
ОтветитьУдалить3 задание.
1. What is technology?
2. What does technology significantly affect?
3. What have the latest technological developments, including the printing press, telephone and Internet, done?
4. What technologies were used for non-peaceful purposes?
5. Why do neo-Luddism, anarcho-primitivism and similar movements criticize the spread of technology in the modern world?
6. Supporters of which ideologies view ongoing technological progress as beneficial to society and people's living conditions?
7. What animals, other than humans, develop technology?
8. What did the term "technology" refer to before the 20th century in English?
9. In connection with what "technology" has become famous?
10. The meanings of technology changed in the early 20th century when American social scientists, beginning with Thorstein Veblen, translated ideas from German concept of Technik into “technology”, is it?
11. In German and other European languages, a distinction exists between Technik and Technologie, what about English?
4 задание.
Тест 1:
1. They was having tea when the doorbell rang.
2. Father was smoking his pipe while mother was reading a magazine.
3. While he was mowing the lawn, it was starting to rain.
4. He had breakfast when the toaster was blowing up.
5. When I came into the office, my boss was waiting for me.
6. When we saw Brian, he was driving a taxi.
7. Father was waiting in the car while mother was doing the shopping.
8. When he arrived, we was having dinner.
9. While they were playing chess, we were going shopping.
10. They were having a party while he was sleeping.
11. He was taking a photo when I feeded the ducks.
12. They were playing football when the lights in the stadium went out.
13. While George and John were cleaning their room, she was doing the ironing.
14. Sam was doing the ironing when Jack phoned her.
15. We were waiting at Victoria station when the train arrived.
Тест 2:
1. Sam bought a new cell phone a few months ago.
2. I didn't know that he bought a new cell phone. Yes, he has had it for a few months now.
3. Last year we went to Scotland for our holidays.
4. You look relaxed! Yes, I have just been on vacation.
5. I can't join you now because I have not done my homework yet.
6. I did all my homework yesterday afternoon.
7. I have not slept very well the last nights.
8. Are you tired? Yes, I have had a hard day.
9. Here is the news. There was an accident on the M1 near Nottingham.
10. I have lost my keys. Did you take them with you this morning?
11. Tom has lived in Sydney all his life.
12. How long dıd you stay out last night? You look tired.
13. have you ever had an accident? No, never.
14. My sister is going to Italy in the summer. That's why she has started to study Italian.
15. I dıd not have a cold last year.
Тест 3:
1. He had worked in a supermarket before he worked as a postman.
2. She fed the dog as soon as she had done her homework.
3. My sister had lived in England before she moved to Belgium.
4. After he had eaten all the sandwiches, he drank some orange juice.
5. We were tired because we had worked all day.
6. As I had missed the bus, I walked home again.
7. After they had installed the file, they could go on working.
8. He had just started to watch TV when the mobile phone rang.
9. Before she went to bed, she had listened to her favourite CD.
10. After he had lost all his money, he was poor as a church mouse.
11. She had had a cup of coffee before she wrote the letter.
12. My sister had eaten all the jam before our parents came home.
13. Tom was very angry because Ann had shouted at him.
14. She went home again as soon as she had done her shopping.
15. They went to a sightseeing tour after the bus had arrived.
1. Ability-способность
ОтветитьУдалить2. Consequence-следствие
3. However-однако
4. In order to- для того
5. machine- машина
6. Modification- модификация
7. Procedure- процедура
8. To improve-улучшать
9. Field of knoledge-область знаний
10. To perform a function- выполнять свою служебную функцию
11. Refer to- передавать на рассмотрение
12. Tool инструмент
13. Usage- употребляемый
14. Allow- позволять
15. Advanced technology- передовая технология
16. To be aimed at- быть направленным на
Available- доступный
18. Natural- природный
19. Harm the environment- вредить окружающей природе
20. Including-включая
21. Purpose- цель
22. Condition- состояние
23. To affect- влияние
24. Significantly- существо
25. Raw material-сырье
26. Semiconductor- полупроводник
27. Although- хотя
28. To fulfill- выполнять
29. Term- срок
30. Conductor- проводник
31. Entity- сущность
32. Requirement- требование
33. Satisfy requirements- удовлетворять техническим условиям
34. Phenomenon- феномен
35. To employ a technique- использовать технику
36. Human- человек
37. To restrict- ограничивать
Технология - это создание, модификация, использование и знание инструментов, машин, методов, ремесел, систем, методов организации для решения проблемы, улучшения ранее существовавшего решения проблемы, достижения цели, обработки прикладных входных данных / выходное отношение или выполнять определенную функцию. Это также может относиться к набору таких инструментов, оборудования, модификаций, устройств и процедур. Технологии существенно влияют на способность человека и других видов животных управлять своей естественной средой и адаптироваться к ней.
Использование технологий человеческим видом началось с преобразования природных ресурсов в простые инструменты. Доисторическое открытие способности управлять огнем увеличило количество доступных источников пищи, а изобретение колеса помогло людям путешествовать и контролировать окружающую среду. Последние технологические разработки, включая печатный станок, телефон и Интернет, уменьшили физические барьеры для общения и позволили людям свободно взаимодействовать в глобальном масштабе. Однако не все технологии использовались в мирных целях; Развитие оружия все возрастающей разрушительной силы прогрессировало на протяжении всей истории, от дубинок до ядерного оружия.
Возникли философские дебаты по поводу нынешнего и будущего использования технологий в обществе, разногласия по поводу того, улучшают ли технологии условия жизни человека или ухудшают их. Неолуддизм, анархо-примитивизм и подобные движения критикуют распространение технологий в современном мире, полагая, что они наносят вред окружающей среде и отчуждают людей; Сторонники таких идеологий, как трансгуманизм и технопрогрессивизм, рассматривают продолжающийся технический прогресс как полезный для общества и условий жизни людей. Действительно, до недавнего времени считалось, что развитие технологий ограничивается только людьми, но недавние научные исследования показывают, что другие приматы и определенные сообщества дельфинов разработали простые инструменты и научились передавать свои знания другим поколениям.
Использование термина «технология» значительно изменилось за последние 200 лет. До 20 века этот термин был необычным в английском языке и обычно относился к описанию или изучению полезных искусств. Этот термин часто связывали с техническим образованием.
«Технология» приобрела известность в 20 веке в связи со Второй промышленной революцией. Смысл технологии изменился в начале 20 века, когда американские социологи, начиная с Торстейна Веблена, перевели идеи из немецкой концепции Technik в «технологию». В немецком и других европейских языках существует различие между Technik и Technologie, которое отсутствует в английском языке, поскольку оба термина обычно переводятся как «технология».
1. They were having (have) tea when the doorbell rang (ring).
ОтветитьУдалить2. Father was smoking (smoke) his pipe while mother was reading (read) a magazine.
3. While he Was mowing (mow) the lawn, it started (start) to rain.
4. He was having (have) breakfast when the toaster Blew (blow) up.
5. When I Came (come) into the office, my boss Was waiting (wait) for me.
6. When we Saw (see) Brian, he Was driving (drive) a taxi.
7. Father Was waiting (wait) in the car while mother Was doing (do) the shopping.
8. When he Arrived (arrive), we Were having (have) dinner.
9. While they Were playing (play) chess, we Were going (go) shopping.
10. They Were having (have) a party while he Was sleeping (sleep).
11. He Took (take) a photo when I Was feeding (feed) the ducks.
12. They Were Playing (play) football when the lights in the stadium Went (go) out.
13. While George and John Were cleaning (clean) their room, she Was doing (do) the ironing.
14. Sam was doing (do) the ironing when Jack Phoned (phone) her.
15. We Were waiting (wait) at Victoria station when the train Arrived
Sam Bought a new cell phone a few months ago. (buy)
2. I didn't know that he bought a new cell phone. Yes, he Has had it for a few months now. (have)
3. Last year we Went to Scotland for our holidays. (go)
4. You look relaxed! Yes, I Have just been on vacation. (just been)
5. I can't join you now because I Have not done my homework yet. (not do)
6. I Did all my homework yesterday afternoon. (do)
7. I Did not sleep very well the last nights. (not sleep)
8. Are you tired? Yes, I Have had a hard day. (have)
9. Here is the news. There Has been an accident on the M1 near Nottingham. (be)
10. I Have lost my keys. Did you take them with you this morning?
11. Tom Has lived in Sydney all his life. (live)
12. How long did you stay out last night? You look tired. (you stay)
13. Have you ever had an accident? No, never. (you ever have)
14. My sister is going to Italy in the summer. That's why she Has started to study Italian. (start)
15. I Did not have a cold last year. (not have)
1. He Had worked (work) in a supermarket before he Worked (work) as a postman.
2. She fed (feed) the dog as soon as she Had done (do) her homework.
3. My sister Had lived (live) in England before she Moved (move) to Belgium.
4. After he Had eaten (eat) all the sandwiches, he Drank (drink) some orange juice.
5. We Were (be) tired because we Had worked (work) all day.
6. As I Had missed (miss) the bus, I Walked (walk) home again.
7. After they Had installed (install) the file, they Could (can) go on working.
8. He Had just started (just start) to watch TV when the mobile phone Rang (ring).
9. Before she Went (go) to bed, she Had listened (listen) to her favourite CD.
10. After he Had lost (lose) all his money, he Was (be) poor as a church mouse.
11. She Had had (have) a cup of coffee before she Wrote (write) the letter.
12. My sister Had eaten (eat) all the jam before our parents Came (come) home.
13. Tom Was (be) very angry because Ann Had shouted (shout) at him.
14. She Went (go) home again as soon as she Had done (do) her shopping.
15. They Went (go) to a sightseeing tour after the bus Had arrived (arrive).
1. What is technology?
2. What technologies were used for non-peaceful purposes?
3.What was the reason for the term "technology"?
4. How can technology be defined today?
5.What is the position of transhumanism and techno-progressivism on technology?
6. what happened after the invention of different types of weapons?
7. What are the names of movements that criticize the spread of negative technologies?
8. How can technology be defined now?
9.what is science?
10. What requirements should the technology meet?
11. Is it always clear the difference between science, engineering, technology?
12.what is engineering?
13. Is it true that technology, as a human activity, precedes two areas?
14. Who uses the new knowledge discovered by technologists?
15 which model analysts disagree with?